Research Phase and Master's Thesis in the Physics programs

During the last year of the Master's program you will have the unique opportunity to work on exciting research topics. During this so-called research phase, you can choose from an extensive number of research groups and current projects.

Aliaksandr Bandarenka and a Master's student in his group discuss about their research. Foto: TUM.PH/Eckert. The research phase constitutes one thematic block, culminating in the dissertation of the Master's thesis.

Research Phase

Current Info Events

The build-up of the research phase

To the scope of the one year research phase (59 ECTS) belong firstly, the development of the necessary special knowledge within a cutting-edge research line and secondly, the acquisition of the corresponding experimental or theoretical skills, that are necessary for the realization of the research project within the frame of the Master's thesis. Each of these steps conforms a module, the Master's seminar and the Master's training. Both modules belong intrinsically together and account in total for 24 ECTS. Subsequently, the independent research project can be carried out as part of the Master's thesis, which corresponding module comprises 30 ECTS. The research phase is completed with the Master's colloquium, the defense of the Master's thesis, for which 5 ECTS are given.

During the research phase, the fulfilment of an independent scientific work is tighly connected with the acquisition of additional skills, such as project management, team work as well as the depiction and presentation of scientific results.

Module	Description	Credits (CP)	PL/SL*
Master's seminar	Literature research and specialization	10	S
Master's training	Methodology and project planning	14	S
Master's thesis		30	P
Master's colloquium	Master's thesis defense	5	P
Sum		59

*: P="Prüfungsleistung", graded exam,
S="Studienleistung", non graded exam (pass/fail)

Finding a topic

Students have to take contact by their own with the working groups and potential supervisors, in oder to agree on a topic for the research phase/master thesis. Additionally to this, supervisors have the option to announce topics in the section below (supervisors see "Access for supervisors" on the right). However this possibility is not used by all institutes and not all topics are listed. Therefore it is recommended to ask the professors or in the institutes for topics.

Furthermore, it is recommended to start early (at least one semester in advance) to search for an appropriate topic. Having face-to-face interaction with the group, you can see if you like the topic and if you feel comfortable in the group (you will be working one year there!). We discourage you from simple e-mail exchange, as it is usually not successful.

Filtering in the offers for possible theses

You can search through the offers of Master’s thesis topics at the Physics Department.

Search for:

Offers of Master’s thesis topics

Study area	Topic	Supervisor
KM, AEP	Anomaler Hall Torque in voll epitaktischen Heterostrukturen	Back
Research group Experimental Physics of Functional Spin Systems Description The anomalous Hall effect (AHE), i.e., an additional Hall resistivity induced by the magnetization m in ferromagnetic materials, is a well-known effect. Although it was discovered more than a century ago, we deeply understood the underlying mechanism only recently. Experimentally, for most cases, this effect is discussed in term of generating transverse voltages or currents. In this Master thesis, we would like to demonstrate an unexplored property of the AHE: i.e., can the anomalous Hall effect generate a spin current and subsequently switch the magnetization of an ajacent ferromagnet? The prototypical sample is a fully epitaxial Fe/GaAs/GaMnAs heterostructure grown by molecular beam epitaxy, and the Hall bar device will be fabricated by electron-beam lithography. Contact person Lin CHEN
BSC, KTA	Aufbau eines Triggersdetektors	Fabbietti
Research group Dense and Strange Hadronic Matter Description Höchst sensitive, großflächige Teilchendetektoren sind immer noch ein heißes Thema in der modernen Teilchenphysik. Unsere Arbeitsgruppe hat in den letzten Jahren wesentliche Entwicklungen im Bereich der Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) für das ALICE Experiment am LHC durchgeführt und die Leitung beim Aufbau des riesigen GEM Detektors für die ALICE TPC, der in diesem Jahr in Betrieb gehen wird. Wir wollen diese Arbeiten aber noch erweitern und GEM Detektoren auch zum Nachweis einzelner Photonen einsetzen. Dazu gilt es die Verstärkerfolien mit einer photosensitiven Schicht auszustatten und dann mit einem Cherenkov-Radiator und kosmischen Myonen als definierte Lichtquelle zu charakterisieren. Ihre Aufgabe ist es in Zusammenarbeit mit unseren Doktoranden einen Testaufbau mit zwei Faserdetektoren zu erstellen, mit dem es gelingt Richtung und Form des Cherenkovkegels zu definieren und damit die GEM Folien zu beleuchten. Sie lernen dabei nicht nur modernste experimentelle Techniken wie Silizium Photomultiplier und GEM Detektoren kennen, sondern gehen auch erste Schritte beim Umgang mit hochintegrierter Datenaufnahme Elektronik auf Basis von Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), die eine wesentliche Basis von künstlicher Intelligenz sind. Contact person Thomas Klemenz
KM, AEP	Beeinflußung der Spin-Bahn-Wechselwirkung durch die elektronische Zustandsdichte	Back
Research group Experimental Physics of Functional Spin Systems Description Several years ago, we have shown that robust spin-orbit fields (SOFs) exist at the single crystalline Fe/GaAs interface. The SOFs originate from Byckov-Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction due to the reduced symmetry at the interface, and have the following properties: 1) The in-plane SOF is proportional to density of states (DOS) at Fermi level (EF). 2) The out-of-plane SOF is proportional to all the states below EF. It is well known that in the CoFe alloys the DOS at EF depends strongly on the relative concentrations. Therefore, it is expected that the interfacial SOFs can be manipulated by Co alloying. In this Master thesis, we will address the following points: 1) We will replace Fe by FexCo1-x, and carry out spin-orbit torque ferromagnetic resonance (SOT-FMR) measurements. 2) To prove that the SOFs can be modulated by Co alloying 3) If the above question is answered positively, we will try to switch the magnetization direction using a d.c. current. Contact person Lin CHEN
KM, BIO, AEP, BEMP, M2L, TMP	Biophysik der Nahrungsaufnahme im Darm	Alim
Research group Theory of Biological Networks Description The gut microbiota has a direct impact on health, influencing how the gut digests nutrients. The microbiota itself and the nutrients are influenced by the gut contractions and the fluid flow produced by them. How do different contractions influence the dispersal of bacteria and nutrients? You will simulate the fluid flows and particle dispersal in a contracting tube (possible methodologies: COMSOL, Matlab, C, etc.). The aim is to quantify which type of contraction mixes the nutrients and the bacteria better, helping to understand the basic principle behind gut functioning.
KM, AEP, QST	Breitbandiges dispersives Auslesen von supraleitenden Qubits	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description An essential step for implementation of quantum computing architectures is an efficient readout of qubits. In the field of superconducting quantum circuits, this is typically realized by dispersively coupling a superconducting qubit to a microwave resonator. Then, the frequency of the resonator depends on the state of the qubit. The former can be extracted by probing the resonator with a coherent tone. However, efficiency of this readout approach is fundamentally limited by quantum laws. The corresponding threshold is commonly known as the standard quantum limit and bounds quantum efficiency of the readout process by 50%. Nevertheless, recent investigations have shown that it is possible to circumvent this limit and reach quantum efficiency of the qubit readout of 100% by exploiting broadband readout signal combined with Josephson parametric amplifiers. The goal of this Master project is to build a proof-of-principle experimental setup and perform microwave cryogenic measurements on a superconducting transmon qubit in the broadband regime in order to demonstrate violation of the standard quantum limit in the dispersive readout. Contact person Michael Renger Kirill Fedorov
KTA	Calculation the neutron transport from the fuel element to the instrument and probably to the detector	Petry
Research group ZWE FRM II Description The proposed M.Sc. thesis aims to bring the development of new instruments an important step forward. After getting into the required software and codes, the needs of the instruments regarding neutron flux and spectrum of the instruments have to be addressed. A particular focus will be laid on beamtubes and neutron guides for which new instruments and instrument upgrades are underway. Next, a script-based coupling routine for Serpent 2 and McStas is needed in order to transfer data between both codes. Finally, neutron spectra at each beam tube nozzle can be obtained using Serpent 2 and subsequently McStas will provide detailed information important to the instrument scientists. In summary the thesis can be divided into these three phases: 1. Thorough study of the needs of the instruments and getting into the codes 2. Set up suitable models for neutron transport in Serpent 2 and McStas 3. Calculate the neutron spectra at the beam tube nozzles and provide information to the instrument scientists
KTA, AEP	Confinement of charged nanoparticles: Quadrupole Ion Trap - particle detection	Eisenhauer
Research group Max-Planck-Institue for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) Description Charged particles trapping and isolation, originally started in fundamental physics some 60 years ago, has nowadays numerous applications with interdisciplinary impact from astrophysics to biology. In laboratory astrophysics, ion traps are one of the few instruments allowing studies at conditions approaching those in the interstellar medium, where low temperatures (tens of K) and number densities (<10^10 cm^-3) prevail. In this project the main goal is to develop an detection system for a charged and trapped nanoparticles of sizes ~500 nm in an cryogenic quadrupole ion trap. This is an experimental physics project, the participant will work to integrate the hardware (laser, detector, DAq) together with customised software in order to accomplish the task. This project will offer a deep insight into photon detection using APD (avalanche-photodiode), signal filtering and processing using Fourier transforms and data acquisition using customized hardware. Contact: Dr. Pavol Jusko Prof. Paola Caselli
KM, AEP	Controlling magnon transport in antiferromagnetic insulators	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description In antiferromagnetic insulators, we obtain two magnon modes with opposite spin chirality due to the two opposing magnetic sublattices. In this way, magnon transport in antiferromagnetic insulators can be considered as the magnonic equivalent of spin transport via electrons. The aim of this thesis is to obtain a better understanding of the magnon transport in antiferromagnetic insulators and investigate external control parameters that allow a manipulation of the spin information transport in the antiferromagnetic insulator. Moreover, these experiments allow to extract important transport properties like for example the magnon spin life-time. We are looking for resourceful master student heavily interested in these magnon transport experiments. In order to answer questions regarding magnon transport in magnetic insulators, your thesis will contain aspects of the fabrication of nano-scale devices using electron beam lithography as well as ultra-sensitive low-noise electronic measurements in a cryogenic environment. Contact person Hans-Gregor Hübl Matthias Althammer
BSC, KTA, AEP	Deep neural networks applied to multimessenger astronomy: real-time neutrino astronomy.	Resconi
Research group Experimental Physics with Cosmic Particles Contact person Theo Glauch
KTA	Die Physik unterschiedlicher Gammastrahlungs-Transienten	Greiner
Research group Max-Planck-Institue for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) Description The gamma-ray sky is very active, much more than the optical or X-ray sky. In addition, deep sky surveys for neutrinos, gravitational waves, radio or TeV Transients is presently performed. The understanding of these transients is helped dramatically by using multi-wavelength and multi-messenger information. With two previous Master theses we have developed a sophisticated program package for an automated daily search for gamma-ray transients in Fermi/GBM data, and a subsequent follow-up search in the all-sky Swift survey for better localization. This thesis shall be devoted to use this software package to (i) detect transients over one year, (ii) analyse the GBM data for these transients (derive position, spectrum), (iii) identify X-ray counterparts with Swift, (iv) establish a "population" analysis of such bright transients according to different source types, (v) correlate with other surveys such as eROSITA, HAWC, SKA, and (vi) investigate the different physical mechanisms underlying the diverse types of transients. The project includes elements from computational and observational high-energy astrophysics, and will allow for obtaining extensive knowledge on the broad class of high-energy transients. Some background in astrophysics is advantageous, but affinity with Python programming is a must. Contact: Jochen Greiner, jcg@mpe.mpg.de, MPE Room 1.3.13, Tel. 30000-3847
BSC, KM, AEP, QST	Durchstimmung der Amplitude des Spin-Hall-Magnetwiderstands (topic is not available any more)	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description The exchange of spin angular momentum between the localized magnetic moments of a magnetically ordered insulator and the spin polarization of the conduction electrons in an adjacent metallic electrode with large spin-orbit coupling gives rise to interfacial spin mixing. This manifests itself as a characteristic angular dependence of the metal’s resistivity on the magnetization direction of the insulator’s magnetic sublattices, denoted as “spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR)”. The effect was first observed in ferrimagnetic Y₃Fe₅O₁₂/Pt thin film heterostructures and recently also reported in antiferromagnetic NiO/Pt and α-Fe₂O₃/Pt. While the phase of the SMR oscillations is well understood and explained by theory, their amplitude, however, is still a matter of debate, since various extrinsic as well as intrinsic parameters play a crucial role. The goal of this master’s thesis is to study the correlation of the SMR amplitude to the density of magnetic ions and their spin magnetic moments in different magnetically ordered insulating oxides. We are looking for a master student interested in thin film technology for the fabrication and investigation of magnetic insulator/normal metal bilayer structures. The master project will provide a comprehensive introduction into laser molecular beam epitaxy (laser-MBE) as well as electron beam physical vapor deposition, high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry, photolithography, and angle-dependent magnetotransport measurements. Contact person Matthias Opel Stephan Geprägs
BSC, KM, KTA	Dynamik im stark korrelierten Hubbard Modell	Knap
Research group Collective Quantum Dynamics
KM, AEP, QST	Elektronenspindynamik in einer stark koppelnden Umgebung	Hübl
Research group Technical Physics Description Modern quantum circuits allow to study strong light-matter interaction in a variety of systems. This so-called strong-coupling regime is key for many aspects of quantum information processing. This project focusses on strong coupling between a paramagnetic electron spin ensemble and a superconducting microwave resonator. Strong coupling is an established phenomenon in this system. However, many aspects regarding the dynamics of this coupled system as well as the non-linear response properties are not fully understood, yet, and we will address these aspects within this project. For this project, we will use superconducting microwave resonators based on NbTiN and spin paramagnetic spin ensembles of phosphorous donors and erbium centers in silicon. We are looking for a highly motivated master student joining this project. Within your thesis, you will address questions regarding the dynamic response of a strongly coupled system based on a paramagnetic spin ensemble and a microwave resonator. In this context, you will fabricate and optimize microwave resonators and operate them at cryogenic temperatures. In addition, you will use complex microwave pulses, to control the coupled system and experimentally investigate its dynamical response. Within the project, you will learn how to fabricate superconducting microwave resonators in our in-house cleanroom and how to synthesize microwave pulses using arbitrary waveform generators Contact person Rudolf Gross
BSC, KTA	Entwicklung und Test neuer schneller Ausleselektronik fuer kuenftige Beschleunigerexperimente	Kroha
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description Experimente an kuenftigen Hochenergiebeschleunigern benoetigen wegen der hohen Teilchenkollisionsraten immer schnellere Ausleseelektronik, wobei die Messgenauigkeit nicht beeintraech-tigt werden darf. Verschiende Konzepte dafuer werden derzeit am Max-Planck-Institute in Muenchen entwickeltund in integrierte Schaltkreise (sog. ASIC Chips) in modernster Halbleitertechno-logie ueberfuehrt. Die verschiedenen Stufen der Entwicklung sollen in Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten im Messlabor und auf einsatzbereiten Teilchendetektoren unter den realistischen Betriebsbedingungen getestet werden. Die Testergebnisse fuehren wiederum zu einer Weiterentwicklung der Chips.
KM, AEP	Exploring renewable energy systems with laser induced current transient thechnique	Bandarenka
Research group Physics of Energy Conversion and Storage Description The advent of ultrafast lasers has paved the way and eased the investigations of mechanisms and phenomena, which hitherto were difficult to interrogate or measure. One of such mechanisms is the kinetics of the electrified electrode-electrolyte interface. The laser induced current transient (LICT) technique has proven to be a robust, unique, and indispensable tool for predicting to a high degree of accuracy the activity of reactions by identifying the so-called potential of maximum entropy (PME). The PME is the potential at the interface at which the degree of disorder peaks. At the PME, the reaction should proceed faster than at potentials remote from it. Thus, one can anticipate that the closer the PME is to the thermodynamic equilibrium potential of an electrocatalytic reaction, the faster the kinetics of this reaction should be. By employing the LICT technique, the PME measured at the electrode-electrolyte interface (i.e., Au polycrystalline electrode and Ar-saturated Na2SO4 electrolyte at a pH of 8) has been reported to be 0.58 V vs RHE. However, using Ar-saturated K2SO4 at the same pH yielded a PME value of 1.30 V vs RHE. Therefore, it is our considered view that this presents a stupendous opportunity to tailor the cation mixture of Na+ and K+ as electrolyte to obtain a PME value of 1.23 V vs RHE, the thermodynamic equilibrium potential of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Hence, this presents the leeway for optimizing the activity towards the ORR via the tuning of the electrolyte cation concentration. Contact person Theophilus Kobina Sarpey
BSC, KTA	Exploring the properties of Quark-Gluon Plasma with anisotropic flow measurements at the Large Hadron Collider	Fabbietti
Research group Dense and Strange Hadronic Matter Description The matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions resembles the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), which is an extreme state of nuclear matter consisting of deconﬁned quarks and gluons. Such a state existed in the early Universe, just a few microseconds after the Big Bang. Its properties can be experimentally accessed by measuring the azimuthal anisotropies in the momentum distribution of produced particles in heavy-ion collisions—for instance, in lead-lead collisions reconstructed with the ALICE experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Of particular interest in this context is the anisotropic ﬂow phenomenon, which is an observable directly sensitive to the properties of QGP. In this project, we introduce the basics of anisotropic ﬂow and corresponding anal-yses techniques, and we guide a student throughout all steps needed for its ﬁnal measurement, in the large-scale LHC datasets distributed on Grid. We start a project by brieﬂy introducing a theoretical framework within which an anisotropic ﬂow phenomenon can be deﬁned and quantiﬁed. Next, we introduce sophisticated multi-particle correlation techniques, which were developed recently by experimentalists particularly for anisotropic ﬂow mea-surements. We go in detail through the practical implementation of multi-particle correlations (students are expected at this point to perform some simple analytic calculations, and to learn and perform programming tasks both in ROOT and AliROOT. ROOT is the object-oriented analysis frame-work written in C++ programming language, and it is used at the moment as a default software in high-energy physics by all major collaborations world-wide, while AliROOT is the more speciﬁc analysis framework developed by ALICE experiment, and which is based on ROOT.) We wind up the project by letting the student do an independent ani-sotropic ﬂow analysis with his/her own newly developed code in AliROOT, utilizing multi-particle correlation techniques, over real heavy-ion collisions collected by ALICE at LHC, and stored on Grid. Contact person Ante Bilandzic
KM, AEP	Fabrication and characterization of high-efficiency printed perovskite solar cells	Müller-Buschbaum
Research group Functional Materials Description In this work, you will manufacture your own printed perovskite solar cells and build a new setup for current-voltage measurements of the illuminated solar cells to determine their efficiency. Next-generation perovskite solar cells show very high efficiencies competitive to silicon solar cells and have the potential to revolutionize photovoltaics in the near future. Their heart is a thin-film absorber that can be easily deposited onto glass or flexible substrate using a slot-die printer. You will build solar cells with printed perovskite absorber layers, that are compatible with commercialization. Our group has long-standing experience in perovskite fabrication and printing deposition that you can rely on during your work in our group. For characterization, we have the possibility to conduct X-ray scattering for structural analysis and SEM measurements for real-space imaging, among others. However, the key method of characterizing solar cells is to measure the diode-like current-voltage-behavior of the cell under well-known laboratory illumination. From this measurement, the most important performance parameters such as the efficiency, current characteristics, and internal resistances of your cells can be extracted. In our labs, we already have such a device, but it does not allow measuring our solar cells in inert atmosphere. In this work, you will build a new setup that enables these measurements inside an inert gas atmosphere. The basic concept is already set up, I would be happy if you wish to learn more about this. Further tasks will include strategic planning of the individual components, drawing parts in CAD, guiding our workshop in constructing the parts, and the final assembly of the setup. You will test the setup by characterizing your printed perovskite cells and correlate the findings to your chosen experimental parameters.
KM, AEP	Femtosecond Sum Frequency Generation (SFG) setup for studying water-solid interfaces during CO2 reduction	Iglev
Research group Laser and X-Ray Physics Description Guided design and implementation of a SFG-Setup for studying water-solid interfaces during CO2 reduction. The quality of the reduction process is strongly dependent on the cation present in the supporting electrolyte. It has been suggested that this observation manifests itself in the concentration and the number of dehydrated cations in the material interface region. A proof for this hypothesis is missing however. The goal of this thesis is to use sum-frequency generation, which is naturally an interface sensitive probing technique, to investigate the binding strength and vibrational spectrum of OH-groups bound to the surface. Information on the temporal evolution of the process is obtained by first pumping the sample with an UV-pulse and probing with the SFG. The SFG is achieved by spatially and temporally overlapping two pulsed laser beams in the sample region, with one of them being an infrared-pulse which is sensitive towards the vibrational modes of water. This project is a cooperation with the group of Prof. Krischer (Nonequilibrium Chemical Physics). Contact person Florian Ristow
KM, AEP, QST	FPGA-basiertes Rückkopplungsverfahren für die Mikrowellen-basierte Quantenkommunikation	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description Quantum experiments often require fast and versatile data processing which allows for a quantum feedback operation. This approach opens the road to many fascinating experiments such as quantum teleportation, entanglement purification, quantum error correction, among others. Here, we would like to develop a specific measurement and feedback setup, based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA), for experiments with propagating quantum microwaves. The main goal is to program and experimentally test a specific image for an FPGA which would allow for acquisition of microwave signals and feedback generation over few hundred of nanoseconds. This timescale is the prerequisite for exploiting quantum correlations effects for quantum communication and cryptography protocols with propagating squeezed microwaves which are conducted in our lab. This project will offer a deep insight into the state‑of‑the‑art FPGA devices, microwave measurements, and cryogenic experiments with superconductors. Contact person Michael Renger Kirill Fedorov
KTA, TMP	Galactic cosmic rays and their interaction with astrophysical objects	Eisenhauer
Research group Max-Planck-Institue for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) Description The Centre for astrochemical Studies (CAS) group at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics includes experts in observations (millimetre and sub-millimetre single dish and interferometry, radio and infrared telescopes), theory (physical processes and dynamics, gas-grain chemical processes and dust evolution, molecular astrophysics and collisional/rate coefficients), and the laboratory (focusing on spectroscopic studies of molecules of astrophysical interest). The combination of observations, theory and laboratory work is crucial to study the physical/chemical structure of an astrophysical object. We offer Master Thesis projects on the theoretical analysis of propagation and penetration of low-energy (Galactic) cosmic rays into molecular clouds and circumstellar disks. The aim of the work is to identify and understand the principal mechanisms that govern these processes, and to analyze the impact of cosmic rays on a variety of physical and chemical phenomena occurring in clouds and disks. Certain background in the physical kinetics is desirable. Contacts: PD Dr. Alexei Ivlev: ivlev@mpe.mpg.de
BIO, TMP	Growing shapes: Kinetics of integrating cell wall material into the envelope of a growing cell	Gerland
Research group Theory of Complex Bio-Systems Description The aim of this Master thesis is to explore different modes of cell wall growth, which is locally controlled by enzymes but has a global effect on the shape of the cell. Which schemes of enzymatic action permit stably growing cell shapes? And which ones can mimick the observed growth behavior of different bacterial species? These fundamental questions are surpisingly largely open, partially due to the difficulty of experimentally determining which local properties of the cell wall affect the enzymatic activity. In light of this experimental barrier, conceptual theoretical models can classify different plausible schemes by their large-scale behavior, which is more easily observed experimentally. This thesis will combine simulations of stochastic models for growing shapes with simple analytical toy models to address some of the open questions. Contact person Cesar Lopez Pastrana
BSC, KM, AEP, QST	Herstellung von verlustarmen Josephson-Kontakten für Quanten-Bauelemente	Deppe
Research group Technical Physics Description Josephson junctions (JJs) represent a fundamental building block of modern quantum circuits such as superconducting qubits or Josephson parametric amplifiers. The JJs are conventionally fabricated with Al while the surrounding quantum circuits are often made of Nb. Henceforth, there is a need of galvanic connection between them which includes removing Nb oxide via ion milling. As a consequence, one needs to develop a careful milling and fabrication technique in order to preserve a low-loss microwave environment in the close vicinity of JJs. This task is of paramount importance for achieving high coherence times of the related quantum devices. The goal of this Master project is to develop a fabrication technique for Al/Nb superconducting circuits which will include Ar/O2 milling. This also includes cryogenic microwave studies of fabricated superconducting circuits (such as Josephson parametric amplifiers and transmon qubits) and participation in experiments towards quantum information processing with superconducting devices. Contact person Yuki Nojiri Kirill Fedorov
KM, AEP	High-field magnetotransport in an organic superconductor in proximity to the spin-liquid state	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description A member of the k-(ET)₂X family to be studied in this Master thesis exhibits a novel state of matter, quantum spin liquid at ambient pressure. Under a moderate pressure of about 3 kbar the material becomes metallic and superconducting. The aim of the work is to trace the evolution of the conducting system, particularly, of correlation effects, in close proximity to the superconductor-insulator phase boundary. The intrinsic properties of charge carriers will be probed by high-field magnetoresistance effects with the focus on magnetic quantum oscillations. A part of the experiments will be done at the European Magnetic Field Laboratory in steady fields up to 30 T or in pulsed fields up to 80 T. Physics: Correlated electron systems; magnetic quantum oscillations; unconventional superconductivity. Techniques: Strong magnetic fields; high pressures; cryogenic (liquid ⁴He; ³He; dilution fridge) techniques; high-precision magnetoresistance measurements. Contact person: Mark Kartsovnik (mark.kartsovnik@wmi.badw.de) Contact person Mark Kartsovnik
KM, AEP, QST	High frequency optomechanical devices for quantum optomechanics	Poot
Research group Quantum Technologies Description The smaller a device is, the higher its resonance frequency becomes. For our future quantum optomechanics experiments we will be working with mechanical resonators that operate at GHz frequencies and simultaneously couple strongly to light. Using mechanical and optical band structure calculations, you will design, make, and measure phononic and photonic cavities. The project involves nanofabrication in the cleanroom, as well as using the extreme sensitivity offered by on-chip optomechanics. We are aiming for devices made from silicon nitride, which has a lot of tensile stress in it. For micromechanical structures this material gives much better mechanical properties compared to, for example, silicon devices. An important aspect of the project is to understand if this is also true for the high frequency devices.
KTA	High resolution molecular spectroscopy in the laboratory and in space	Eisenhauer
Research group Max-Planck-Institue for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) Description The Centre for astrochemical Studies (CAS) group at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics includes experts in observations (millimetre and sub-millimetre single dish and interferometry, radio and infrared telescopes), theory (physical processes and dynamics, gas-grain chemical processes and dust evolution, molecular astrophysics and collisional/rate coefficients), and the laboratory (focusing on spectroscopic studies of molecules of astrophysical interest). The combination of observations, theory and laboratory work is crucial to study the physical/chemical structure of an astrophysical object. We offer Master Thesis projects on the analysis of single dish and/or interferometric data on star-forming regions in the mm- and sub-mm spectral region. The aim of the project is to obtain, through the information carried by molecular spectra, insights on the physical and chemical processes governing the earliest stages of star formation. Some background in astrophysics is advantageous. We also offer Master thesis projects on the spectroscopy of molecules of astrophysical interest. The student will have the opportunity to work with several state-of-the-art experiments such as a sub-millimetre free-unit jet. The thesis project will be mainly focused on the acquisition and analysis of spectra that will help the identification of new molecules in the interstellar medium. There will also be the possibility to participate to the further development of the experiment. Some background in molecular spectroscopy is advantageous. Contacts: Prof. Paola Caselli caselli@mpe.mpg.de Dr. Silvia Spezzano spezzano@mpe.mpg.de
BSC, KTA, AEP	Hot Spot Population Analysis: indirect search for cosmic accelerators within the IceCube South Pole Neutrino Observatory.	Resconi
Research group Experimental Physics with Cosmic Particles Contact person Chiara Bellenghi
KM, AEP, QST	Imaging magnetic phases in 2D-materials	Finley
Research group Semiconductor Nanostructures and Quantum Systems Description The field of van der Waals heterostructures, which are stacks on individual atomically thin crystal sheets, has exploded in the last decade. Comparable to a game of Nano- Lego, those van der Waals stacks can be assembled in such a way that yield electro-optical nano-devices with essentially unlimited functionalities. Further, clever stacking can also result in new, fundamental physics. The principal goal of this Masters thesis is to image magnetic phases of novel 2D-materials with a nitrogen-vacancy-based quantum camera system. During the project, you will work in close collaboration with a small team of Ph.D. students and postdocs, therefore individual effort is key to drive this Masters's project. Some knowledge in the areas of van der Waals stacking, optics or cleanroom fabrication will be beneficial, but secondary to your personal motivation and commitment to this project. You should: (1) Be highly motivated and self-driven, (2) be practically minded with a get-things-done attitude, (3) enjoy working across a wide range of tasks (processing, optics, electronics) and (4) be willing to work in a very small team on challenging things very long hours ... You will get: (1) the chance to work on current hot-topic issues in the area of 2D van der Waals physics (2) gain highly sought after abilities in the field of quantum technologies (3) a sound understanding of the physics in atomically thin materials and hopefully (4) a few nice papers. Contact person Andreas Stier
KM, AEP	Interaction between magnetic and conducting layers in molecular antiferromagnetic superconductors	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description Hybrid materials combining nontrivial conducting and magnetic properties are of high current interest, especially in the context of potential spintronic applications. The organic charge transfer salts (BETS)₂FeX₄ with X = Cl, Br provide perfect natural structures of conducting and magnetic layers alternating on the single-molecule level. Our project is aimed at a quantitative study of the interaction between the two subsystems and of the role of the subtle structural modifications in this family. To this end, high-precision measurements of quantum oscillations in the electrical resistance and magnetization will be carried out on single crystals of these compounds under strong magnetic fields. The results will be analyzed in terms of electronic correlation and magnetic interaction effects. Physics: Correlated electronic systems; magnetic ordering and superconductivity; magnetic quantum oscillations. Techniques: Strong magnetic fields; magnetotransport; magnetic torque; cryogenic (liquid ⁴He and ³He) techniques. Contact person: Mark Kartsovnik (mark.kartsovnik@wmi.badw.de) Contact person Mark Kartsovnik
KM, AEP	Interface control via plasma etching	Müller-Buschbaum
Research group Functional Materials Description One of the main challenges in solar cell and sensor manufacturing industry is to understand crucial influencing factors in solar cell design in order to increase the electricity output. A strict understanding of the internal architecture and nanoscale morphology of the polymer-metal nanocomposite films is required. In a simplified approach of reduced complexity, we are interested in examining the correlation between the interfaces of a charged polymeric interlayer and a potential (metal) electrode. Polyzwitterions possess permanent charges and dipole moments. As such, polyzwitterionic thin (thicknesses between 50-200 nm) films can act as promising zones for the charge carrier diffusion before they reach the electrode and recombine. Plasma treatment can chemically modify the polymer layer, impacting the polymer film’s structure and perhaps hydrophilicity, leading to potential variations in polymer-metal intermixing as well as on the kinetics of metal nuclei formation and growth. The aim of this master thesis is to explore for the first time how variable plasma etching conditions onto polysulfobetaine (or similar) thin films can affect the nanoscale morphology of different metals sputtered on top of the polysulfobetaine (or similar) thin film under vacuum conditions. The thesis’ deliverables can strongly reinforce design of novel unexplored organic solar cells.
BSC, KTA, AEP	Investigating effects of gas humidity on electrical discharge formation in MPGDs	Fabbietti
Research group Dense and Strange Hadronic Matter Description Micropattern gas detectors (MPGD) are a type of particle detectors used in many large high energy physics experiments (Atlas, CMS, Alice) given their easy scalability. MPGDs work by amplifying the primary ionisation signals generated by impeding charged particles as they traverse a gas volume. This amplification of primary electrons is achieved by using structures with micrometer scale patterns that are different for various types of MPGDs, which include Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) and Micro-MEsh Gaseous Structure (Micromegas). One of the limiting factors for the long term stable operation of MPGDs is the formation of electrical discharges inside the amplification structures. Due to this, there has been an extensive effort over the years to understand and to develop methods to mitigate these discharges. One of the remaining questions however is how the humidity (the water content) of the used gas mixture affects the formation of discharges in MPDS. The aim of this project is to conduct the first comprehensive studies investigating the correlation between gas humidity and MPGD discharge stability. For this task, a dedicated detector chamber will be used with modifications to the gas system which enables the precise control of the ambient humidity levels. This venture is a great entry point for anyone interested in particle detector hardware research and development. The achieved results of which might end up shaping the next generation of cutting edge high energy physics experiments Contact person Berkin Ulukutlu
BSC, KTA	Investigating the three-body strong interaction using correlation techniques at the LHC	Fabbietti
Research group Dense and Strange Hadronic Matter Description One of the most compact and dense astrophysical objects in our Universe are the Neutron Stars (NS). The composition of the inner region of the NS is still not known, and several hypotheses have been postulated in the last decades (for a complete review see [1]). Our current knowledge reveals that, beside the neutrons, particles with strange quark content (called hyperons) can be produced. The inner structure and composition of the NS can be modelled by means of Equation of States in which all the fundamental interactions among the constituents are considered. A crucial role to understand the inner structure of the NS is played by the three-body forces among the nucleons and the hyperons. Nevertheless, an accurate microscopic description of the three-body problem is still far to be achieved and precise experimental data to test the existing models are strongly demanded. The two-body strong interaction among hadrons have been recently explored with femtoscopy studies at the LHC with the ALICE detector (see e.g. [2-3]). The femtoscopy technique analyses the correlation in the momentum space between the particles (e.g. hyperons and nucleons) emitted in proton-proton collisions at the center of mass energy of 13 TeV. The theoretical correlation functions are also calculated, given the interaction potentials or the wave functions of the interacting two-body systems (see [4]). Such powerful analysis technique will be extended to the three-body systems. The candidate student will develop this new analysis method in the case of the three-body interaction between produced particles. Given the interaction potential, the student will calculate the analytical wave function by using the perturbation theory in the context of the non-relativistic Quantum Mechanics and will implement an algorithm in the C++ language that will allow to solve the Schroedinger equation for the three interacting particles. The analysis tools developed in this work will be tested by using the ALICE RUN2 data and will be used to analyse the future RUN3 data (the data taking will start in 2022) that will provide the highest statistic ever in number of events to study the three-body correlations. To conclude, the proposed work of thesis will serve to the student in developing both the theoretical and data analysis skills; the student will work in the context of an international collaboration and will contribute to extend the femtoscopy technique to the case of the three-body forces among hadrons which are fundamental to unveil the inner composition and structure of one of the most fascinating objects in our Universe. [1] L. Tolos and L. Fabbietti Prog.Part.Nucl.Phys. 112 (2020) 103770 [2] ALICE Collaboration, Nature, e-Print: 2005.11495 [nucl-ex] [3] ALICE Collaboration, Physics Letters B 805 (2020), 135419 [4] D. L. Mihaylov, V. Mantovani Sarti, O.W. Arnold, L. Fabbietti, B. Hohlweger et al., Eur.Phys.J.C 78 (2018) 5, 394 Contact person Raffaele Del Grande
KM, AEP, QST	Kalibrierung von Frequenz und Nichtlinearität in einem Bose-Hubbard-System	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description Bose-Hubbard systems offer an intriguing opportunity of studying quantum driven-dissipative dynamics. Nowadays, these systems can be conveniently implemented by combining superconducting resonators with Josephson junctions. In order to successfully measure nonclassical effects in these systems, such as generation of antibunched light, one needs to accurately quantify their respective frequency range and nonlinearity strength. This goal can be achieved by cryogenic microwave measurements of a Bose-Hubbard dimer with superconducting quantum circuits and numerical modelling of the respective Hamiltonian. These two steps comprise the main body of the current master project. The successful project will potentially lead to a development of robust single-photon microwave sources and further exploration of quantum matter in the form of networks of nonlinear superconducting resonators. Contact person Frank Deppe
KM, AEP	Magnetische und optische Eigenschaften von mit Übergangsmetallen dotierten hybriden Perowskiten	Deschler
Research group Experimental Semiconductor Physics Description The Deschler group at the Walter Schottky Institute of TU Munich invites applications for Master Projects on Magneto-Optical Effects of Novel 2D Materials The group The Deschler group is an independent research group at the Walter Schottky Institute of TU Munich, established through the DFG Emmy-Noether Program and an ERC Starting Grant. Its research focuses on the ultrafast dynamics of functional materials and their applications for energy applications. More information can be found on our website at www.wsi.tum.de Your project You will investigate the outstanding properties of novel 2D magnetic semiconductors with the design and operation of cutting-edge magneto-optical setups to explore the interaction of magnetism and luminescence in these materials. Specifically, this could be work on one of the following topics or a mixture of both in agreement with your supervisor Design of Novel 2D Magnetic Hybrid Perovskites Due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties and high defect tolerance, organo-metal halide perovskites form an ideal system for efficient magnetic doping. There are a lot of promising semiconducting perovskites showing a strong photoluminescence, which are suitable as a host material for magnetic doping with transition metal ions like Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺. In this project you will fabricate high-quality crystals and thin films with solution-/vapor-based synthesis and investigate them with structural, magnetic and optical measurements to identify the most promising materials. Construction and Operation of Magneto-Optical Setups Materials that combine magnetic and semiconducting properties are desired for spintronic applications. Optical properties such as the polarization of the luminescence can be controlled via the spin-alignment in these materials. In this project you will design and build a setup for the investigation of magneto-optical effects like Kerr rotation, Faraday rotation, magnetic circular dichroism and magnetic circularly polarized luminescence. In your Master’s project in our group, you will have the chance to gain hands-on experience in some of the most exciting fields of condensed matter physics. You will run experiments at cryogenic temperatures, control magnetic fields and laser irradiation and learn state-of-the art ultrafast spectroscopy. Dedicated support from a PhD student or postdoc will be available during your project. You will be expected to make scientific discoveries and contribute to the dynamic atmosphere of our group. Your application Applications should be sent to felix.deschler@wsi.tum.de. Please include your CV, a copy of your BSc thesis and the transcript of grades of your BSc studies.
BSC, KTA	Measurement of the ΛΦ interaction with femtoscopy studies in pp collisions at ALICE	Fabbietti
Research group Dense and Strange Hadronic Matter Description In low-energy hadronic physics the modeling of the strong interactions among baryons (particles composed of three quarks) is obtained through effective lagrangians in which the mediator of the strong forces are typically mesons (particles composed of two quarks). The interaction amongst strange baryons (so-called hyperons), as Lambdas (Λ), is currently not well constrained experimentally since these particles are unstable and performing scattering experiments is extremely challenging. Hyperon-hyperon interactions though are one of the key ingredients in the physics of Neutron Stars (NS) in order to understand if these strange particles can be one of the ingredients present in the core of these dense astrophysical objects. At the moment, theoretical predictions based on meson-exchange models consider the Φ meson as the mediator of the strong interaction between two Λs, producing a repulsive interaction. However, the coupling between a Λ and Φ is still not measured, hence theoretical predictions currently rely on symmetry relations to establish the strength. Recently in the ALICE experiment we used a technique called femtoscopy, which measures the correlation in the momentum space between two particles, has been used to infer on the strong interaction of the particle pair. At LHC a lot of hyperons and mesons, including Λs and Φs, are produced in the collision of protons at center of mass energy of 13 TeV. The project will include the identification of Lambdas and Phi particles in the RUN2 data measured by the ALICE detector in pp collisions through experimental techiques and the following construction of the main observable: the correlation function. The study of the obtained ΛΦ correlation function will allow to determine the nature and strength of the interaction and the comparison with the current theoretical understanding will allow to shed light on the hyperon-hyperon interaction role inside NS. Contact person Valentina Mantovani Sarti
BSC, KTA	Modernes Rechnen, Statistik und Maschinelles Lernen	Caldwell
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description You will develop novel algorithms in the context of the Bayesian Analysis Toolkit. Possibilities include implementing a Nested Sampling algorithm, developing highly parallelized versions of Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms, developing novel test statistics for rare event searches, etc. The specific topic will be decided based on the background and interests of the student.
KTA	Neuronale Netze in Gamma Spektren	Petry
Research group Functional Materials Description The proposed M.Sc. thesis aims to bring the evaluation of gamma spectra an important step forward by - Thorough check of the quality of the available training data - Set up of a suitable neural network to reliably identify nuclides in unassigned gamma spectra - Identification of influences of different gamma detectors on the nuclide assignment Contact person Winfried Petry
KM, AEP	Novel measurement setup to investigate thermoelectric materials	Müller-Buschbaum
Research group Functional Materials Description Organic thermoelectric (TE) materials are nowadays an increasingly emerging topic of research, as they are useful in TE generators to directly convert a temperature gradient into electrical energy. Therefore they are of immense environmental interest in terms of waste heat recovery and the use of solar thermal energy. Recent research has shown that the performance of organic TE materials, especially PEDOT:PSS is strongly dependent on the relative humidity. In this master thesis a new measurement setup will be designed and built, which allows us to investigate TE properties like Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity under controlled relative humidity. This setup would give us a huge advantage to better understand the effect of humidity on organic thermoelectric films and to use this knowledge for improving the performance of TE materials. The project will involve a literature review, the development and construction of the new measurement setup to fit the requirements, and in the end the fabrication of organic TE films in the laboratory to test the novel self-made setup.
KM, AEP	Optomechanics of coupled micro-drums	Poot
Research group Quantum Technologies Description In this project you will dive into the interesting field of cavity optomechanics. We create micrometer-scale mechanical devices made from silicon nitride using advanced nanofabrication techniques here on campus: imagine a drum, but now more than 10 000x smaller! So small that it can be played ustilizing the momentum of photons, the so-called radiation pressure. You will also use light to extract information about mechanical properies - like their quality factors and resonance frequencies and even see their eigenmodes. What happens to these properties when many of the drums are coupled? That will be the key question of your project. We apply a novel technique to perform usually very long measurements on rather short time scales. We already have some working samples, so you can directly start and go ahead with the measurements. But you will also have the chance to learn many aspects of nanofabrication and make your own devices in the cleanroom, then measure them, and analyze the data. Contact person David Hoch
KM, AEP, QST	Optomechanics with Single Photons	Poot
Research group Quantum Technologies Description In optomechanics, light is used to measure and alter the dynamics of mechanical resonators. It is by far the most sensitive method to observe the tiny vibrations that nanomechanical devices perform: in one second one can determine their position with femtometer precision! Using light to measure the mechanics is not the only aspect of optomechanics. The same light can also be used to change the dynamics of the mechanical device through a process called cavity backaction. The photons exert a force on the resonator, the so-called radiation pressure. In this project we want to explore the ultimate limits to this force. The goal is to measure the force originating from a single photon! For this it is required that the photon interacts with the mechanical resonator as strongly as possible. For this we need to the design and make very low loss optical cavities, such as microring resonators. Also, the mechanical device should have a quality factor as high as possible. You will make both the optical and mechanical components from chips with highly-stressed silicon nitride using state-of-the-art nanofabrication in the cleanroom. Then the devices are placed in a vacuum chamber for their measurement. In our highly-automated setup you can very quickly characterize many of the devices on your chip. Then, with the perfect device parameters you can start to explore the more advanced measurements. Initially we can measure the devices in with pulsed light, but by using single photons we want to explore the ultimate limits to optomechanical forces. See http://www.groups.ph.tum.de/en/qtech/openings/ for a detailed description of this project.
KM, AEP, QST	Oxidische Heterostrukturen für Experimente mit reinen Spinströmen (topic is not available any more)	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description Pure spin currents are generated and/or detected via the spin Hall and inverse spin Hall effect in heavy metals. These two effects crucially depend on the magnitude of the spin-orbit interaction. The goal of this thesis is to investigate the spin Hall physics in oxide systems, where large spin orbit interaction is prevailing like in the transition metal oxides. In particular, the realization of epitaxial multilayers of a spin Hall active material and a magnetically ordered insulator are a major task of this research project. Such all-oxide epitaxial structures are of current interest to better understand the underlying physics of pure spin current transport in heterostructures. We are looking for an enthusiastic master student to work on this pure spin current physics related project. A crucial part of the thesis is the growth of oxide multilayers using laser-MBE under in-situ growth monitoring. The properties of these multilayers will then be investigated by structural, magnetic and magnetotransport techniques. As a next step, the tunability of relevant spin transport properties via the growth conditions will be analyzed Contact person Stephan Geprägs Matthias Opel Matthias Althammer
BSC, KM, KTA	Qualifizierung von Piezo Motoren by kryogenen Temperaturen für das MADMAX Experiment zur Suche nach dunkle Materie Axionen	Majorovits
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description Für den Betrieb des MADMAX Experimentes wurden Piezo Motoren entwickelt, die bei kryogenen Temperaturen (4 K) funktionieren und einen Hub von bis zu 1 m haben. Die ersten gelieferten Prototypmotoren müssen bei kryogenen Temperaturen getestet und auf verschiedene Betriebsparameter untersucht werden. Qualification of Piezo motors at cryogenic temperatures for the MADMAX axion dark matter experiment In the context of the MADMAX dark matter axion search experiment Piezo motors have been developed for operation at cryogenic temperatures (4 K) for a stroke of up to 1 m. The first prototype motors that have been delivered will need to be tested at cyrogenic temperatures and several parameters need to be investigated.
KM, AEP, QST	Quantum acoustics in the giant atom limit	Hübl
Research group Technical Physics Description The field of quantum acoustics aims to investigate the interaction between matter and sound, in a similar way that quantum optics (QO) studies the interaction between matter and light. In detail, we enable this interaction using surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and artificial atoms (Qubits) formed by superconducting quantum circuits. Quantum acoustics offer interesting differences to quantum optics. The propagation speed of sound in solids is approximately five orders of magnitude slower than for light in vacuum, leading to the SAWs much shorter wavelengths compared to electromagnetic waves. This allows the exploration of the “giant atom” regime in which the size of the artificial atoms becomes comparable to or larger than the wavelength of the interacting wave. In this regime, interesting physics like interference and non-exponential decay of quantum states become accessible. We are looking for a motivated master student for a master thesis in the context of quantum acoustics. The goal of your project is to investigate the static and dynamic interplay between surface acoustic waves and one (or more) superconducting qubits. Your thesis project includes the fabrication of aluminium-based superconducting circuits on silicon and lithium niobate using state-of-the-art nano-lithography and metal deposition techniques. Subsequently, these circuits shall be experimentally investigated in a cryogenic microwave measurement setup. As such, the project will allow you to gather expertise in quantum physics, nanofabrication, microwave engineering, and cryogenic techniques. Contact person Rudolf Gross Thomas Luschmann
KM, AEP, QST	Quantum Optics on a Chip	Poot
Research group Quantum Technologies Description Quantum optics is an extremely powerful approach towards quantum communication, quantum sensing, and quantum computing. In particular, quantum information stored in photons has very low decoherence and can be transmitted over large distances through optical fibers. To date, most experiments in quantum optics use optical tables full with mirrors and beam splitters that all have to be carefully aligned and stabilized. This may be good enough for initial demonstrations, but in order to bring quantum science into the realm of quantum technology, a more scalable approach is required. With our expertise in making photonic chips using advanced nanofabrication, we are making putting these exciting quantum optics experiments on chips. Here, light is routed via optical waveguides. Furthermore, by bending a waveguide, one gets the equivalent of a free-space mirror; a beam splitter cube becomes a directional coupler and so on. By combining these elements, we can make the building block for e.g. an optical quantum computer. With that, the possibilities are almost unlimited. For such large-scale optical quantum circuits we also want to incorporate single-photon sources, superconducting single-photon detectors, and optomechanical phase shifters. This all happens on a single chip. Making and characterizing the components is the first step and from there on, you are making more and more complex quantum chips. You will be doing the nanofabrication in the cleanroom, and then use our optical measurement setups to see how each device is performing. Depending on your preference, it may also be possible to add a modelling component to the project. See http://www.groups.ph.tum.de/en/qtech/openings/ for a detailed description of this project.
KM, AEP, QST	Quantum Photonics with 2D materials	Finley
Research group Semiconductor Nanostructures and Quantum Systems Description 2D materials are at the forefront of an ever growing research interest for applications in quantum information science and technology. Due to unique properties such as ultimate photon extraction efficiencies, nuclear spin-free isotopes, integration with silicon technology and potential for scalability, 2D materials have all the tools to overcome the critical limitations set by conventional material systems, and become the building blocks for future solid-state quantum technological applications[1]. However, current quantum light emitters based on 2D materials have random emission energy. This prevents photon indistinguishability[2], a non-negotiable requirement for advanced quantum information. Moreover, the current fabrication processes are incompatible with silicon photonics and on-chip integration. To unleash the full potential of 2D materials in our field, we are currently working towards realizing a novel material platform based on fully deterministic 2D Quantum Dots. In the first part of the project you will make nm-sized 2D Quantum Dots top-down, using a combination of near-resolution limited electron beam lithography and Reactive Ion Etching on 2D materials-heterostructures. Such quantum dots will be both positioning-wise and energy-wise deterministic, scalable and will overcome the critical functional limitations of the current solid-state quantum emitters in 2D materials. You will study the optical properties of such quantum emitters at cryogenic temperatures and with magnetic fields. Further, you may have the option of integrating such quantum emitters and their arrays with diode structures and waveguides, realizing and studying spin-qubits, with an eye towards qubit registers made of arrays of coupled but independently controlled quantum-dots. No other current solid-state system can do so. You should: enjoy science and be curious! Curiosity and genuine interest for what you do make you overcome most obstacles and fill most gaps, although a decent background on solid-state physics and optics is strongly encouraged. You should also be motivated to getting involved in a cutting-edge problem, as this project is challenging (not gonna lie!) but potentially ground-breaking. Since you will work in close collaboration with a small team, you should also enjoy working with others, don’t expect to always have the last word, have a knack for a good laugh and shouldn’t take yourself too seriously, it will help you overcoming the usual frustrations of research 😊. Hands-on experience in optics, electronics, programming or cleanroom fabrication also wouldn’t hurt, but is entirely secondary to your personal motivation and commitment to this fascinating project. You will get: experience on state-of-the-art (or beyond) nanofabrication, electro- and magneto-optical spectroscopy, and cryogenics in excellent laboratories; a sound understanding of the physics of 2D materials and solid-state quantum optical systems; and if everything goes well a nice (or even amazing) paper in a top journal. Maybe most importantly, you will have fun along the way. For enquiries feel free to write to Matteo: Matteo.Barbone@wsi.tum.de [1] Igor Aharonovich, Dirk Englund, and Milos Toth, Nat. Photon. 10 (10), 631 (2016) [2] C. Palacios-Berraquero, et al., Nat. Commun. 8, 15093 (2017)
BSC, KTA, AEP	Search for high energy neutrino emission from blazars: stacking gamma-ray bright sources.	Resconi
Research group Experimental Physics with Cosmic Particles Contact person Matthias Huber
BSC, KM, AEP, QST	Simulation und Aufbau einer Überhöhungskavität für hohe optische Leistungen	Kienberger
Research group Laser and X-Ray Physics Description (English see below) Hast Du Dich schon mal gefragt, was passieren würde, wenn man einen Lichtpuls zwischen zwei Spiegeln einfängt? Genau das wollen wir versuchen und damit die Grenzen der Physik im Bereich der hohen Laserleistungen ausloten. Ziel des Projektes ist eine Verbesserung von MuCLS, einer kompakten, aber brillanten Lichtquelle. Diese liefert Röntgenpulse durch inverse Comptonstreuung von Elektronen an Laserpulsen. Um die Intensität, die Wellenlänge und allgemeine Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Lichtquelle zu erweitern, beschäftigen wir uns mit einem Upgrade der Überhöhungskavität. Aktuell sind wir dabei das Design des experimentellen Aufbaus zu finalisieren. Deine Aufgabe wird es sein, mit uns das Konzept umzusetzen. Das beinhaltet das Setup aufzubauen und zu testen. Gleichzeitig werden Simulationen durchgeführt werden, zum Beispiel um den Einfluss der Krümmungsradien der Spiegel besser zu verstehen. Die Ergebnisse werden direkt auf die Verbesserung des Aufbaus übertragen. Schlussendlich erhoffen wir uns das erste Mal eine Finesse von 30.000 in der grünen Überhöhungskavität zeigen zu können. Alles Weitere erfährst Du bei einem persönlichen Gespräch. ************************************************************* Have you ever asked yourself what would happen if you trap a pulse of light in between two mirrors? This is exactly what we are planning to do and thereby determine the boundaries of high-power laserphysics. The project as a whole is embedded in the frame of MuCLS, a compact but brilliant light source. This light source generates X-ray pulses by inverse Compton scattering of electron on a laser pulse. Upgrading the intensity, wavelength and overall quality of the laser pulse is the goal here in order to extend the range of applications. Currently, we are finalizing the design of the overall experimental setup. Your task would be to support us in transforming the concept into reality. This includes building the setup and testing it. Meanwhile some simulations on different parameters such as the radius of curvature of the mirrors will have to be performed. The results will directly influence and improve the setup. In the end, we hope to show a finesse of 30.000 in the laser cavity. If you are interested, feel free to get in touch. Contact person Albert Schletter
KM, AEP, QST	Spectroscopy on atomically thin materials in high pulsed magnetic fields	Finley
Research group Semiconductor Nanostructures and Quantum Systems Description The field of van der Waals heterostructures, which are stacks on individual atomically thin crystal sheets, has exploded in the last decade. Comparable to a game of Nano-Lego, those van der Waals stacks can be assembled in such a way that yield electro-optical nano-devices with essentially unlimited functionalities. Further, clever stacking can also result in new, fundamental physics. The principal goal of this Masters's thesis is to study the optical properties of actively tunable van der Waals heterostructures to examine topics such as exciton localization, many-body physics, exciton- exciton interactions, or the impact of complex dielectric environments on exciton properties in high to ultra-high magnetic fields. Nano-LEGO During the project you will work in close collaboration with a small team of Ph.D. students and postdocs, therefore individual effort is key to drive this Masters's project. Some knowledge in the areas of van der Waals stacking, optics, or cleanroom fabrication will be beneficial, but secondary to your personal motivation and commitment to this project. You should: (1) Be highly motivated and self-driven, (2) be practically minded with a get-things-done attitude, (3) enjoy working across a wide range of tasks (processing, optics), and (4) be willing to work in a very small team on challenging things very long hours ... You will get: (1) the chance to work on current hot-topic issues in the area of 2D van der Waals physics (2) exposure to experiments in large scale magnetic field facilities (3) a sound understanding of the physics in atomically thin materials and hopefully (4) a few nice papers. Contact person Andreas Stier
KM, AEP, QST	Spin-dynamics in magnetic 2D-materials	Finley
Research group Semiconductor Nanostructures and Quantum Systems Description The field of van der Waals heterostructures, which are stacks on individual atomically thin crystal sheets, has exploded in the last decade. Specifically, magnetic 2D materials or heterostructures between different 2D materials have shown great promise for future information technology. The principal goal of this Masters's thesis is to (i) enhance a currently available quantum camera system to enable coherent spin control of atomically thin materials (ii) image the spin lifetime and coherence times of magnetic phases of novel 2D-materials. During the project you will work in close collaboration with a small team of Ph.D. students and postdocs, therefore individual effort is key to drive this Masters's project. Some knowledge in the areas of van der Waals stacking, optics, electronics, or cleanroom fabrication will be beneficial, but secondary to your personal motivation and commitment to this project. You should: (1) Be highly motivated and self-driven, (2) be practically minded with a get-things-done attitude, (3) enjoy working across a wide range of tasks (processing, optics, electronics), and (4) be willing to work in a very small team on challenging things very long hours ... You will get: (1) the chance to work on current hot-topic issues in the area of 2D magnetism (2) gain highly sought after abilities in the field of quantum technologies (3) a sound understanding of the physics in atomically thin materials and hopefully (4) a few nice papers. Contact person Andreas Stier
KM, AEP, QST	Strong electrostatic effects in optomechanical devices	Poot
Research group Quantum Technologies Description Optomechanics provides extremely sensitive methods to measure the displacement of mechanical resonators. However, the forces are much smaller in optomechanics compared to those in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). The goal of the project is to make, and measure opto-electromechanical devices which have strong electrostatic interactions. This includes the electrostatic spring effect where the resonance frequency depends strongly on the applied voltage. The next step is trying to measure the potential by measuring the ringdown of different mechanical modes. The devices will be made using advanced nanofabrication techniques such as electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching. See http://www.groups.ph.tum.de/en/qtech/openings/ for a detailed description of this project.
KTA	Studien zur Suche nach dem Protonzerfall im zukünftigen JUNO Experiment (topic is not available any more)	Oberauer
Research group Experimental Astro-Particle Physics Description Der sich im Aufbau befindliche JUNO Detektor hat neben der Neutrinophysik das Potential zur Suche nach dem Protonzerfall. In der Arbeit soll die Signatur solcher hypothetischen Ereignisse am Computer in Simulationen bestimmt und mit der von möglichen Hintergrundereignissen atmosphärischer Neutrinos verglichen werden, um so eine Strategie zur Suche nach dem Protonzerfall zu entwickeln. Aus den Resultaten der Simulationen sollen zudem die Rahmenbedingungen für Testexperimente am Beschleuniger bestimmt werden, mit denen die Signatur des Protonzerfalls experimentell bestimmt werden kann. Contact person Matthias Raphael Stock
KTA	Studying the chemical signature of protostellar binary interactions through simulations	Eisenhauer
Research group Max-Planck-Institue for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) Description More than half of the stars forms in multiple systems. The dynamical interactions between the multiple stars can have a profound influence on the formation and evolution of stars and planets. This, however, is not well understood, especially at the early stages of star formation, due to the difficulty of observing young stars obscured by its surrounding natal cloud. Recent high-resolution ALMA (the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array) observations have spatially resolved the emission from complex organic molecules around a very young protostellar binary system [1], also constraining the stellar masses and orbital parameters. The emission from these molecules coincides with features seen in the dust around the binary accretion disks, possibly corresponding to spirals or tightly wound structures. These features are difficult to explain if the emission arises solely due to heating from the forming protostars, the most common scenario used to explain the appearance of warm complex organic molecule emission around protostars. We propose to investigate the role of shocks created by the binary interactions in the production and distribution of molecular tracers at scales from a few up to 100 astronomical units. Gravitational forces from the binary stars can create shocks in the disk surrounding them. Detailed numerical simulations will be needed to investigate the temperature and density structure created by the interaction. This study will shed light on how the binary interactions can influence the chemical inventory in multiple systems at planet formation scales. During this master project, the student will carry out 3D hydrodynamical simulations with the orbital and gas properties observed in the protostellar binary [2]. Detailed thermo-dynamics will be built to investigate the origin of the high temperature and density tracers seen in the gas phase towards this embedded binary system. The student will analyze the spirals or other types of shocks features formed in the simulations, and how it depends on the numerical and physical parameters. Prerequisites: Basic knowledge in programming (C/C++ and Python will be used). Contact: Dr. Munan Gong <munan@mpe.mpg.de>, Dr. Maria Jose Maureira <maureira@mpe.mpg.de>, Prof. Dr. Paola Caselli <caselli@mpe.mpg.de> [1] Maureira et el. 2020, "Orbital and Mass Constraints of the Young Binary System IRAS 16293-2422 A". The Astrophysical Journal 897. [2] Moody et al. 2019, "Hydrodynamic Torques in Circumbinary Accretion Disks", The Astrophysical Journal 875.
KM, AEP, QST	Study of the electromagnetically induced transparency in the rare-earth spin ensembles in the microwave regime	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description A reliable quantum memory system is being actively searched for among different types of solid-state systems. In particular, rare-earth doped spin ensembles, which possess favorable transitions in optical and microwave ranges, are promising candidates. The current project aims at developing a quantum memory system based on rare-earth spin ensembles. Such quantum memory elements should work at zero magnetic field at ultra-low temperatures. The major task of this project is to implement the electromagnetically induced transparency, widely used in optics, into the microwave regime. We are looking for a highly motivated master student joining this project. Within your thesis, you will couple the spin-ensembles to the superconducting transmission lines and will manipulate the spin-states with microwave pulses. You will learn about the nature of the electromagnetically induced transparency and its application in quantum memory. Within the project, you will get hands on experience in synthesizing microwave pulses; how to measure the time responses of the spin-systems and how to operate such systems at cryogenic temperatures. Contact person Nadezhda Kukharchyk
BSC, KTA	Study the absorption of antihelium-4 in ALICE experiment at CERN LHC	Fabbietti
Research group Dense and Strange Hadronic Matter Description Dark Matter (DM) is believed to account for roughly 27% of the mass-energy of our Universe, and its nature remains one of the most intriguing unsolved questions of modern physics. This massive hole in our knowledge drives multiple experimental searches for DM, and one of the indirect ways to search for DM is to look for the annihilation or decay of DM particles into ordinary (anti)particles such as light (anti)nuclei as employed by several balloon- and space-borne experiments. Low-energy light antinuclei (e.g. antihelium-4) are particularly promising signals for these indirect DM searches, since the background stemming from ordinary collisions between cosmic rays and the interstellar medium is expected to be low with respect to the DM signal. In order to reliably estimate the detection probability of interesting events such as DM -> helium-4 + antihelium-4 + ..., the interaction probability of antihelium-4 with ordinary matter (like interstellar medium, Earth's atmosphere) must be measured, since it defines the amount of antihelium-4 particles lost on the way to detector. However, nuclear inelastic cross sections of antihelium-4 + A processes are completely unknown, forcing current estimates of expected antihelium fluxes near Earth to rely on extrapolations and modelling. The topic of the here advertised master project deals with the measurement of these interactions using the ALICE detector. In heavy-ion collisions at LHC energies (anti)helium-4 nuclei are produced in significant amounts, and unique tracking and PID capabilities of the ALICE experiment make it possible to reliably detect the (anti)helium-4 nuclei in different sub-detector systems. This allows us to quantify the inelastic interaction probability of (anti)helium-4 with the ALICE detector material. This project will be structured in the following way: Analysis of the inclusive spectra of helium-4 and antihelium-4 nuclei in PbPb collisions at TeV Evaluation of the effective antihelium-4 + A inelastic cross sections Estimation of the antihelium-4 rates expected for different DM models in current and future satellite experiments Contact person Ivan Vorobyev
BSC, KTA, AEP	Study the energy dependence of the grain orientation dependent sputtering yields of tungsten and copper	Stroth
Research group Plasma Surface and Divertor Physics Description Erosion phenomena are an import aspect of the plasma wall interaction occurring in fusion plasma devices. The physical sputtering by impacting projectiles is a long-known and intensively investigated topic. Nevertheless, the dependence of sputtering yield on the grain orientation is often ignored and only studied for a few particular grain orientations. Due to technological progress in the orientation microscopy and a recent development of evaluation software, the energy dependence of this grain orientation dependent sputtering yields can be studied in a systematic way. The aim of the proposed Bachelor thesis is to acquire and evaluate raster electron microscope and height resolved optical microscope data allowing to determine the energy dependence for sputtering of tungsten and copper by gallium ions for all grain orientations. Contact: Dr. Martin Balden
BSC, KTA	Suche nach CP-Verletzung in Produktion und Zerfall des Higgs-Bosons mit dem ATLAS-Detektor am LHC	Kroha
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description Eine wichtige Quelle fuer die Verletzung der CP- und damit der Zeitumkehrsymmetrie koennte in den Produktions- und Zerfalls-mechanismen des Higgs-Bosons zu finden sein. Neue Quellen der CP-Verletzung werden dringend gesucht, um die Existenz von Materie im Universum zu erklaeren. Das ATLAS-Experiment am Large Hadron Collider am CERN bietet die einzigartige Moeglichkeit nach solchen Effekten zu suchen. Dazu werden bereits aufgenommene Daten und Simulationsrechnungen der relevanten Prozesse im ATLAS-Detektor verwendet.
BSC, KTA	Suche nach doppelt geladenen Higgs-Bosonen mit dem ATLAS- Detector am LHC	Kroha
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description Doppelt geladene Higgs-Bosonen sind ein eindeutiges Kennzeichen von Erweiterungen des Standardmodells der Teilchenphysik. Elementaren Teilchen mit doppelter wurden bisher noch nicht beobachtet. Die Experimente am LHC bieten die einzige Moeglichkeit nach solchen Teilchen in verschiedenen Produktions- und Zerfallskanaelen zu suchen. Dazu koennen vorhandene Daten des ATLAS-EXperiments im Rahmen von Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten verwendet werden.
BSC, KTA	Suche nach geladenen Higgs-Bosonen mit dem ATLAS-Detektor am LHC	Kroha
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description In vielen Erweiterungen des Standardmodells der Teilchenphysik werden zusaetzliche Higgs-Bosonen vorhergesagt, darunter auch geladene Higgs-Bosonen, deren Zerfaelle sich deutlich von denen neutraler Higgs-Bosonen abheben, indem schwere top-Quarks im Endzustand auftreten. Im Rahmen von Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten sollen die verschiedenen Zerfallskanaele und Modelle jenseits des Standardmodells mit Hilfe von Daten und Simulationen des ATLAS-Experiments am LHC untersucht werden.
KM, AEP	Superconducting devices based on superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description The combination of ferromagnetic and superconducting materials leads to intriguing proximity effects at the interface of the two materials. The goal of this thesis is to investigate the spin transport of superconductor/ferromagnet interfaces and model the obtained results in the framework of proximity effects. To this end, we will fabricate superconducting devices based on superconductor/ferromagent heterostructures with a special focus on controlling magnetization dynamics via superconducting charge currents. This requires investigations at low temperatures around the critical temperature of the superconductor in large magnetic fields. In addition microwave magnetic fields will be employed to drive magnetization dynamics in the ferromagnet and excitations in the superconductor. We are looking for a talented master student to investigate spin transport in superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures. You will fabricate superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures using our new UHV sputtering system. As a next step, you will structure these blanket films with optical and electron beam lithography into superconducting devices. Finally, you will characterize your fabricated samples at low temperatures utilizing superconducting magnet cryostats. Here, high frequency spin dynamics as well magnetotransport studies are the focus of your thesis. Contact person Hans-Gregor Hübl Matthias Althammer
KM, AEP	Synchronization and nonlinear dynamics of nanomechanical oscillators	Poot
Research group Quantum Technologies Description Synchronization is a universal phenomenon that is knows since they days of Huygens. When two or more oscillators with slightly different frequencies are coupled, they will start to move in phase. We can create small mechanical devices using advanced nanofabrication techniques here on campus. By sending light of the right wavelength, they start to oscillate, and when increasing the power the optomechanical coupling synchronizes them. The goal of this project is to synchronize devices made from silicon nitride, which is a special material with a lot of stress in it, and to increase the number of synchronized oscillators. The larger the system becomes, the richer the nonlinear dynamics will become. You will first make the devices in the cleanroom, measure them, and analyze the data. See http://www.groups.ph.tum.de/en/qtech/openings/ for a detailed description of this project.
BSC, KTA	Test neuer Myondetektoren fuer den Ausbau des ATLAS-Detektors am Super-LHC	Kroha
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description Die Strahlintensitaet des Large Hadron Colliders wird in den naechsten Jahren um beinahe eine Groessenordnung erhoeht werden, um noch besseren Zugang zu neuer Physik jenseits des Standardmodells der Teilchenphysik zu gewinnen. Fuer die erhoehten Proton-Kollisionsraten an diesem Super-LHC muessen auch die Experimente wie der ATLAS-Detektor noch wesentlich verbessert werden. Hierzu werden am Max-Planck-Institut in Muenchen neuartige Myondetektoren und deren Elektronik entwickelt und gebaut. Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten sollen sich mit dem Test dieser Detektoren befassen, die in der Regel am Institut stattfinden, aber bei hohen Bestrahlungsraten auch am CERN durchgefuehrt werden koennen.
KTA	The dynamics of dwarf elliptical galaxies (topic is not available any more)	Eisenhauer
Research group Max-Planck-Institue for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) Description The dynamics of dwarf elliptical galaxies (dEs) is an ideal probe to test the density profile of dark matter halos (in particular, the inner slope), since the baryonic content of these objects is low. A sample of dEs observed with the VIRUS-W 2-dimensional spectrograph at the 2.7m McDonald telescope will be analysed to derive the stellar kinematics and stellar populations of the objects. Furthermore, Schwarzschild dynamical modeling will be used to constrain their dark matter content and orbital structure. Contact: PD Dr. Roberto Saglia
KM, AEP	Thermophysical Modeling of Laser Structuring of Battery Electrodes	Kienberger
Research group Laser and X-Ray Physics Description This master thesis project aims at a deepening of the knowledge about the laser ablation process of electrode coatings by short laser pulses. Therefore, a thermophysical model of the process shall be developed and numerically simulated. The obtained results have to be refined with experimental data. The goal is to identify correlations between process parameters and material properties on the one hand side and the obtained structures on the other hand side. Finally, recommendations for process strategies should be derived. Requirements - Interest in laser physics and renewable energy technologies - Autonomous and structured working attitude - German or English language skills - Knowledge in the field of modeling or simulation beneficial, but not necessary Contact M.Sc. Lucas Hille 089 / 289 15498 lucas.hille@iwb.tum.de
KM, AEP, QST	Time-domain study of the dynamics of microwave spectral holes in the rare-earth spin ensembles	Gross
Research group Technical Physics Description A reliable quantum memory system is being actively searched for among different types of solid-state systems. In particular, rare-earth doped spin ensembles, which possess favorable transitions in optical and microwave ranges, are promising candidates. The current project aims at developing a quantum memory system based on rare-earth spin ensembles. Such quantum memory elements should work at zero magnetic field at ultra-low temperatures. The major task of this project is to implement the spectral hole burning technique, widely used in optics, into the microwave regime. We are looking for a highly motivated master student joining this project. Within your thesis, you will address questions regarding the dynamics of spectral holes in the absorption profiles of the rare-earth spin ensembles in the microwave regime. You will couple the spin-ensembles to the superconducting transmission lines and will manipulate the spin-states with microwave pulses. Within the project, you will learn about dynamics of the spin-states, how to synthesize microwave pulses, measure the time responses of the spin-systems and how to operate such systems at cryogenic temperatures. Contact person Nadezhda Kukharchyk
BSC, KTA	Training des neuronalen Netzwerks für einen Spurauslöser beim Belle II Experiment	Caldwell
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description For the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB Collider located in Japan a first level track trigger has been launched recently, based on fast neural network techniques and implemented in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). For the new round of experiments in this year, the machine luminosity will be substantially increased, accompanied with much larger expected backgrounds. The task of the thesis is to train sets of neural networks with real data taken by the Belle II experiment under the new conditions, and determine suitable neural architectures, optimized for high track efficiency and powerful background rejection. The resulting set of optimized networks will be implemented in the trigger hardware. Existing program chains for network training and performance analyses need to be mastered, suitably modified and physically exploited under the supervision of experienced physicists within the project.
KM, KTA, AEP, QST	Tunable interlayer excitons in 2D heterostructures	Finley
Research group Semiconductor Nanostructures and Quantum Systems Description The field of van der Waals heterostructures, which are stacks on individual atomically thin crystal sheets, has exploded in the last decade. Specifically, heterostructures between different 2D materials have shown the emergence of interlayer excitons, due to the separation of charges at the interface. Furthermore, a lateral potential landscape, the so-called moiré potential, emerges, trapping the excitons in an egg-box shaped potential. This results in a situation where a few interlayer excitons can interact with each other, resulting in novel quantum phases. The principal goal of this Masters's thesis is to study the optical properties of actively strain-tunable van der Waals heterostructures to examine topics such as exciton localization, many-body physics, exciton-exciton interactions in relation to the in-plane moiré potential. During the project you will work in close collaboration with a small team of Ph.D. students and postdocs, therefore individual effort is key to drive this Masters's project. Some knowledge in the areas of van der Waals stacking, optics, electronics, data analysis, or cleanroom fabrication will be beneficial, but secondary to your personal motivation. You should: (1) Be highly motivated and self-driven, (2) be practically minded with a get-things-done attitude, (3) enjoy working across a wide range of tasks (processing, optics, electronics) and (4) be willing to work in a very small team on challenging things very long hours ... You will get: (1) the chance to work on current hot-topic issues in the area of van der Waals heterostructures (2) gain highly sought after abilities in the field of 2D materials (3) a sound understanding of the physics in atomically thin materials and hopefully (4) a few nice papers. Contact person Andreas Stier
BSC, KM, KTA	Ungeordnete Quantensysteme: Vielteilchenlokalisierung	Knap
Research group Collective Quantum Dynamics Description Disorder has a drastic influence on transport properties. In the presence of a random potential, a system of electrons can become insulating; a phenomenon known as many-body localization (MBL) that has been envisioned by the Nobel laureate Phil Anderson. However, even beyond the vanishing transport such systems have very intriguing properties. For example, many-body localization describes an exotic state of matter, in which fundamental concepts of statistical mechanics break down. In this project we will explore these exciting aspects of many-body localization. Contact person Michael Knap
KM, KTA, AEP	Untersuchung der Signalantwort des MADMAX Experiments zur Suche nach Axionen als dunkler Materie	Majorovits
Research group Max-Planck-Institute for Physics / Werner-Heisenberg-Institute (MPP) Description Im Rahmen des MADMAX Projektes zur Suche nach dunkler Materie Axionen werden verschiedene Testaufbauten bei Raumtemperatur und in flüssigem Helium (4 K) zur Kalibrierung und zur Untersuchung der genauen Signalantwort des experimentellen Aufbaus betrieben. Es werden Reflektionsdaten Daten genommen und ausgewertet. In the frame work of the MADMAX projects several test stands at room tamperature and in liquid helium for the investigation of the detailled system response and for calibration of the setup are being operated. Reflectivity data will be atken and analyzed.
BSC, KM, KTA, TMP	Vielteilchensysteme mit Zwangsbedingungen	Knap
Research group Collective Quantum Dynamics
KM, AEP	Wirkungsquerschnitte von 3He Ionen mit leichten Elementen für Kernreaktionsanalysen	Stroth
Research group Plasma Surface and Divertor Physics Description Kernreaktionsanalyse (Nuclear Reaction Analysis, NRA) ist eine sehr empfindliche Methode zum quantitativen Nachweis und zur Tiefenprofilierung von leichten Elementen in der Materialanalytik. NRA mit einfallenden 3He Ionen im Energiebereich von einigen MeV ist hierbei besonders vorteilhaft. Zur quantitativen Anwendung benötigt man allerdings die möglichst genaue Kenntnis des differentiellen Wirkungsquerschnittes. Viele Wirkungsquerschnitte sind leider nur fragmentarisch und oft nur mit großen Unsicherheiten bekannt. Im Rahmen der Masterarbeit sollen zunächst die Proben für die Wirkungsquerschnittsmessungen mittels Abscheidung aus einem Niedertemperaturplasma hergestellt werden und dann die differentiellen Wirkungsquerschnitte für die Reaktionen 9Be(3He,p)11B, 12C(3He,p)14N sowie 13C(3He,p)15N bei verschiedenen Streuwinkeln im Energiebereich 1-5 MeV gemessen werden. Die Messungen werden am 3 MV Tandembeschleuniger des Max-Planck-Instituts für Plasmaphysik durchgeführt. Contact: Dr. Matej Mayer
KM, AEP	Zeitaufgelöste Messung des Umschaltprozesses für in der Ebene magnetisierte mikrostrukturierte Elemente	Back
Research group Experimental Physics of Functional Spin Systems Description The demonstration of magnetization switching induced by spin-orbit torques in a ferromagnetic metal (FM)/heavy metal (HM) bilayer has attracted tremendous attention due to possible application in magnetic random access memories (MRAM). Typically, an in-plane current sent through the heavy metal layer (e.g. Pt) gives rise to a spin accumulation at the FM/HM interface due to the spin Hall effect. The spin accumulation acts on the ferromagnet (e.g. Co) via the spin transfer torque effect and leads to magnetization dynamics and, ideally, to switching. In this Master thesis, we will use time resolved magneto-optical Kerr microscopy (TRMOKE), which is a time and spatially resolved technique, to trace the switching dynamics of an in-plane magnetized ferromagnetic metal. The following points will be addressed: 1) The Co/Pt thin films will be patterned to micrometer-size devices by using a by mask-free laser writer or by electron-beam lithography. 2) Time and spatially resolved magnetization dynamics will be measured by TRMOKE. 3) Finally, the experimental data will be compared to theory. Contact person Lin CHEN

Registering the research phase

The registration to all modules belonging to the research phase is done at once in the Dean's Office (Dekanat), normally at the beginning of the third Master's semester. When doing this, the certificate of mentor counseling has to be included. After agreeing on a topic with the future supervisor, students can print out the registration form in the student access.

After six months the Master's thesis should begin. Passing the Master's seminar and the Master's training will be recorded in TUMonline and you are officially alowed to start the thesis.

Handing in the thesis and getting the grade

Before handing in the Master's thesis, you need to update the final titel of the thesis in the database (student access) and upload an electronic copy (PDF-file). Afterwards, you have to hand in two printed versions in the Dean's Office (Dekanat). Alternatively you may hand in the rpinted copies via postal mail – use the submission letter you may generate on the status page after uploading the thesis PDF for this. The submission letter (as well as the submission form at the Dean’s Office) especially contains the required statement according to §18 paragraph 9 APSO.

You have to hand in the thesis at the latest on the deadline, please keep this on mind. The thesis is not handed in until the two paper copies and the signed submission form (or the signed submission letter for postal submission) physically arrived at the Dean’s Office! If the two copies and the submission letter are given into the mail without any delay we can interpret the date of uploading the PDF file as submission date retroactively.

Extension of the deadline is only possible for good reasons. See FAQ on Thesis extension.

The Master's thesis will be evaluated by the supervisor and a second examiner. The second examiner is appointed by the examination board on suggestion of the supervisor (after official registration of Master’s thesis).

The supervisor and the second examiner will also grade the Master's colloquium, which completes the research phase.

Re-enrollment during the research phase

For any examination you must be enrolled as a student of TUM. Hence you need to re-enroll for one semester more e.g. if you hand in your Master’s thesis or your Master’s colloquium takes place after the current semester ends. According to APSO, coursework and examinations until the first week of the lectures of the next semester are counted for the current semester – but for the Master's Thesis the rule is: you must be enrolled at the date you hand in your thesis (meaning handing in after 1st of April or 1st of October is impossible if your are not re-enrolled in summer or winter semester respectively)

With a due date for your thesis e.g. in October, you should not forget to re-enroll for the winter semester and the corresponding deadline would be August 15.

Organization of the colloquium

The Master’s colloquium is organised and conducted by the supervisor together with the second examiner. The Master’s colloquium takes approximately 60 minutes, consisting of a 30 minutes talk and 30 minutes examination. Naturally, the inclusion of the colloquium in a group seminar is possible.

Completing your Master studies

At the end of the semester in which you reach the necessary 120 ECTS in your Master's degree program you will be exmatriculated (according to §13(1) enrolment rules of TUM). In most cases the Master's colloquium will be the last exam to reach this point.

Taking further exams and final documents

You are principally allowed to take further exams after reaching the 120 ECTS, i.e. to replace previous results in the catalog of special courses or non-physics courses with better results. Therefore it is generally not possible that the final documents are generated before you are exmatriculated. In case you need the final documents (or even preliminary documents) earlier, you have to request for it explicitly. See the Remarks on end of studies and final documents for further information.

Deriving the final grade

The final grade is the ECTS-weighted average of the graded exams, which are used to fulfill the 120 ECTS. These are the elective course in theoretical physics, the special courses, the non-physics courses, the Master's thesis and colloquium.

If you have taken more than 30 ECTS in the special courses or more than 8 ECTS in the non-physics elective courses, then TUMonline will try to find the combination, which results in the best final grade. Redundant courses will be listed as "additional courses" in your transcript. If you want a different combination than the one TUMonline is suggesting, please contact the coordinator of the Master's degree program before the final documents are printed.

Nr.	Module	Credits (CP)	ca. %
1	Theoretical physics	10	12
2	Special courses	30	36
3	Non-Physics courses	8	10
4	Master's thesis	30	36
5	Master's colloquium	5	6
	Sum	83	100